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Posouzení účinnosti stromových mikroinjektáží jako metody aplikace navnaděných stojících otrávených lapáků na LZ Boubín
Řezník, Pavel
The topis of this thesis was to evaluate the effectiveness of tree microinjection as a method of forest protection management. The evaluated data were following:maternal and larval corridors lengths of Ips typographus and mortality of I. typographus on treated and control trees in photoeleclectors . Data collected during the field experiments were statistically tested for the presence of differences using non-parametric analysis of variance (Kruskal-Wallis, resp. Dunn's t-test). The secondary aim of this thesis was to assess the use of the method as a poisoned standing baited trap in forestry practice in the Klet' forest area belonging to the Boubín Forestry Plant (Lesy České republiky, s. p.). Both measurements of the length of maternity and larval tunnels and the amount of beetles captured from photoeleclectors showed significant effectivity on reducing of I. typographus development and increased mortality pressure for spruce bark beetle adults.
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Přirozená obnova lesa po disturbanci lýkožroutem smrkovým \kur{ (Ips typographus} L.)
ROTOVÁ, Alžběta
This master's thesis focuses on evaluation of natural regeneration of forest in the non-intervention zone near Březník. Spectral data and spectral vegetation indices are examined and put in relation to terrain data for evaluation of the forest recovery. The highest gradation of bark beetle in the study area occurred between 1995 and 1998. Since then the tree defoliation accelerated the natural forest recovery. I assessed the forest recovery in 15 research plots and compared the recovery with the data collected by the Šumava national park in 2008 and 2009. Results of terrain measurement showed slight decrease in number of seedlings and saplings compared to years 2008 and 2009. Comparison of the field recovery data with the spectral indices revealed a regression relation between the natural regeneration and the vegetation indices. When comparing these data, the most suitable index for evaluating the natural regeneration was the index FRI2. The optimal time within the vegetation period for the evaluation of natural forest recovery using spectral data was also tested in this thesis. Results showed the optimum is at the end of spring and at the end of vegetation season. The highest rate of natural regeneration in our study area is on the west slopes of area Mokrůvky and on the south-west slopes exposed to high amounts of sunlight. Areas of closed forest formations are followed by areas where the forest regeneration is pure but the herbaceous vegetation is greatly developed. Results of the thesis show that spectral data and spectral indices are suitable for evaluation of forest recovery. The remote sensing methods bring the systematic data coverage for better understanding of the forest processes.
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Způsoby likvidace Lýkožrouta smrkového
ŘÍHA, Jan
The bachelor thesis deals with the morphology and life cycle of the spruce lichen-eater. The main focus is on measures to combat the spruce lichen-eater and an overview of such techniques and technologies designed for that. Here I describe the issue of swarming, wintering and what bark beetles have natural enemies. The bachelor's thesis describes how to treat the lichen-eater, how to prevent it, and mainly there are instructions on how to use individual technologies for its disposal. It is a mechanical technology of liquidation or even chemical liquidation. There is also a research overview of articles from international databases and extracts from them in my words. The aim of this work is to create a research overview of the biology and methods of disposal of the spruce lichen-eater.
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A knowledge of secondary school students on forests, bark beetles and bark beetle outbreaks
PAVLOVEC, Petr
PAVLOVEC, Petr. Knowledge of primary school students about forests, bark beetle and bark beetlecalamity. Bachelor thesis. Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Department of Biology, 2021, 63 pages. The bachelor's thesis deals with the knowledge of pupils of the 2nd grade of primary schools about forest management in Czech forests and about the nation wide problem which has currently become a bark beetlecalamity. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to find out whether primary school pupils are sufficiently familiar with the problem of bark beetlecalamity and to assess thed ifferences in pupils' knowledge in areas with a high incidence of the issue in contrast to areas almou untouched. Pupils' information and awareness of forests and the bark beetle (Scolytinae) subfamily will be obtained through aquestionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to pupils of chosen secondary schools.
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The bark beetle and decline of the spruce forests - educational program
KOŠKOVÁ, Anna
Bachelor thesis focuses on creation of educational curriculum about bark beetle and decline of the spruce forests. Whole curriculum is aimed to pupils of the 6th and 7th class of elementary schools. The literature review deals with forest vegetation stages, life cycle of the bark beetle, then there are described ways how to avoid its uncontrollable spreading and possibilities of growing new and resistant forests. Practical part of this bachelor thesis is devoted to educational curriculum itself. In conclusion is discussed the usage of this curriculum in other educational facilities.
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Model přežívání smrku ztepilého v podmínkách gradace lýkožrouta smrkového
ONDŘICHOVÁ, Nikola
As a result of the gradation of the bark beetle, there is often extensive damage to spruce stands. Although not only damaged but also healthy stands are attacked during massive gradation, there are individuals who survive this gradation. The aim of this thesis was to determine which selected environmental variables affect the survival of trees in the conditions of gradation of the bark beetle. The area of interest of my thesis was the Březník area, located in Šumava. The evaluation showed that a strong effect increasing the probability of stands survival was manifested in the variable containing edaphic categories, especially in the edaphic category of the 9th class. This class represents a waterlogged permanently wet area, which increases the probability of vegetation survival and largely corresponds to humidity conditions. The distance to the natural edges of the stand also contributes to the increasing probability of survival. This thesis can be useful with its results and conclusions in the field of forest management.
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Monitoring of occurrence and characterization of entomopathogenic fungi naturally associated with population of spruce bark beetle \kur{Ips typographus} L. (Coleoptera, Scolytidae).
PEJSAROVÁ, Hana
The use of entomopathogenic organisms is one of the possibilities of biological plant protection, which now prefers the protection of the chemical. In the field of scientific research with an interest in these organisms in recent years has increased significantly, particularly on the grounds that their use can avoid increasing the doses of chemicals that have harmful organisms after a period of vypěstují resistance. In any ecosystem are harmful agents and their natural enemies. By the monitoring Šumava NP and PLA we wanted to demonstrate the occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi, the natural enemies of insects. Specific harmful factor for us was spruce bark beetle. Using the location of occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi were obtained strains of several species (Beauveria spp., Isaria spp., Metarhizium spp. Lecanicillium spp.), Which attempts were made, determining the entomopathogenic potential. Rating strains was carried out by setting radial growth and yield of spores of these strains of entomopathogenic fungi. Strains were transferred to the testing carried out forms alginate pellets and stored in mycology collections in the Department of crop production for the purpose of further examination. The monitoring and follow-up experiments we gained valuable information about the current incidence of fungi in the environment and also data on the assumptions for the use of integrated plant protection. For further research have been used identified fungi Beauveria bassiana strains, which, according to the findings apply to most pathogenic sponge against lýkožroutu smrkovému and its most productive strains (NP 0030, NP 0052) are currently recommended for use in the biological fight against spruce bark beetle. The remaining species found entomopathogenic fungi are the subject of further examination at the Department of Plant Production University of South Bohemia.
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Spatial correlations in population dynamics of spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus): Example of Mantel test usage
Šimera, Ondřej ; Kindlmann, Pavel (advisor) ; Ferenc, Michal (referee)
Spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) is the most common and abundant beetle from the Scolytidae family in European forests. It is the most important biotic factor causing disturbances and affecting forest ecosystems. Thus, it recently became a subject of discussions, how to manage the forests properly in order to find an adequate equilibrium among economical, turistic and natural values of the forest. Many studies have shown a positive effect of bark beetle outbreaks on biodiversity and natural forest regeneration. It is hard to tell if these outbreaks are regular or not because there are many factors which can elicit them. However, just these factors can help us predict the probability of unforseen population outbreak. One of these methods can be monitoring of surrounding areas because these areas tend to be synchronised. For this purpose, multiple mathematical models can be performed, such as the Mantel test, which determines the correlation between two matrices. Keywords: Spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, population dynamics, spatial correlations, Mantel test
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